martes, 29 de mayo de 2012
Conclusion
In conclusion, we have learned a lot about the languages in the Americas. There is a strong influence of Spanish and Enlgish throughout the whole Americas. Although these are two very influencial languages, there are a variety of other languages spoken in the countries throughout the Americas. There is also a strong European influence because of the settlers that came with the Christopher Columbus time. There is also an influence of the indigenous people throughout the Americas. Especially in South America, there are many languages still spoken that were originally there from the indigenous people. Overall, there is a lot of interesting information when considering languages in the Americas.
Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago
Official Languages
The official language of this country is English. There are immigrant languages spoken here including North Levantine Spoken Arabic and Chinese. There are roughly 6500 Chinese speakers. The number of languages on the list for this country is six. Out of these six, they are all still living languages. In many parts of the country, Spanish and Castilian are spoken. Another popular language around the country is Hindi. Also spoken is French. Some of the words in the vocabulary in this country can be traced back to the West African languages. Also included in this vocabulary is Amerindian, French, Spanish and East Indian languages. For 100 years, they spoke French in their history. Words from the Hindi language are a part of speech. There are a group of people who speak Kweyol. Most of the speech of the people of Trinidad is influenced by this. The slaves that were new to the country spoke Creole to communicate with their masters. This creole spoken was influenced heavily by Spanish and the Caribe language. The language became unique because of all of these influences.
Official Languages
The official language of this country is English. There are immigrant languages spoken here including North Levantine Spoken Arabic and Chinese. There are roughly 6500 Chinese speakers. The number of languages on the list for this country is six. Out of these six, they are all still living languages. In many parts of the country, Spanish and Castilian are spoken. Another popular language around the country is Hindi. Also spoken is French. Some of the words in the vocabulary in this country can be traced back to the West African languages. Also included in this vocabulary is Amerindian, French, Spanish and East Indian languages. For 100 years, they spoke French in their history. Words from the Hindi language are a part of speech. There are a group of people who speak Kweyol. Most of the speech of the people of Trinidad is influenced by this. The slaves that were new to the country spoke Creole to communicate with their masters. This creole spoken was influenced heavily by Spanish and the Caribe language. The language became unique because of all of these influences.
History
Amerindians were one of the first inhabitants. Foreign diseases then reduced the population of these indigenous people from the European settlers. In 1498, on Christopher Columbus’s second journey he discovered the island. Upon landing, he saw three trees and proceeded to call it “La Trinidad.” In 1507, the rule under the Spanish Empire began. The Spanish were unable to develop the country and so then they invited people from Europe to come and develop this country. This caused a large influence in the languages because there was such a diverse group coming over. This country was under Spanish rule until the British took control of the land in 1797. The island was under many different countries control including the Spanish, British, French, Dutch and Courlander. In the 19th century, the islands were under British control. They use of Spanish and French was illegal in the early 20th century. Along with that, Creole was frowned upon. This is when English has its biggest uprising. Trinidad and Tobago gained their independence in 1962. They then became a republic in 1976.
Amerindians were one of the first inhabitants. Foreign diseases then reduced the population of these indigenous people from the European settlers. In 1498, on Christopher Columbus’s second journey he discovered the island. Upon landing, he saw three trees and proceeded to call it “La Trinidad.” In 1507, the rule under the Spanish Empire began. The Spanish were unable to develop the country and so then they invited people from Europe to come and develop this country. This caused a large influence in the languages because there was such a diverse group coming over. This country was under Spanish rule until the British took control of the land in 1797. The island was under many different countries control including the Spanish, British, French, Dutch and Courlander. In the 19th century, the islands were under British control. They use of Spanish and French was illegal in the early 20th century. Along with that, Creole was frowned upon. This is when English has its biggest uprising. Trinidad and Tobago gained their independence in 1962. They then became a republic in 1976.
Interesting Facts
The population is around 1.3 million people. The literacy rate is 97 percent which is higher than that of the US. The education here is free from kindergarten to the university. The Spanish influence on this island can be seen in the names of places and foods. The official name is the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. The economy in most of Trinidad and Tobago is industrial. The names of animals and places are based off of a Caribe origin. The Spanish influence can be seen in the names of places and food. The dictionary of the “English/Creole of Trinidad and Tobago” was the first one of this language. This was published in 2008. This country has a unique history and is shaped by many ethnic groups including the original Amerindians, the European Colonizers, the Africans and even people of India, Portugal and China. The motto of this country is “Together we aspire, together we achieve.”
The population is around 1.3 million people. The literacy rate is 97 percent which is higher than that of the US. The education here is free from kindergarten to the university. The Spanish influence on this island can be seen in the names of places and foods. The official name is the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. The economy in most of Trinidad and Tobago is industrial. The names of animals and places are based off of a Caribe origin. The Spanish influence can be seen in the names of places and food. The dictionary of the “English/Creole of Trinidad and Tobago” was the first one of this language. This was published in 2008. This country has a unique history and is shaped by many ethnic groups including the original Amerindians, the European Colonizers, the Africans and even people of India, Portugal and China. The motto of this country is “Together we aspire, together we achieve.”
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Official Languages
The official languages of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English. Although there are two official languages, most of the country is Spanish speaking. English words have been recently added to the country’s lexicon. Most people can understand English but only 25 percent of adults are able to speak English fluently. Some of the immigrant languages spoken in Puerto Rico include Corsican, Eastern Yiddish, French, Haitian, Italian, Ladino and North Levantine Spoken Arabic. There are more immigrants’ languages including Papiamentu, South Levantine Spoken Arabic, German and Chinese. There are about 2,500 French speakers in Puerto Rico. There are three languages listed for Puerto Rico. Out of those languages, they are all still living and have speakers. The biggest difference between the Spanish in Spain and the Spanish in Puerto Rico is the pronunciation. Many Taino words have been added into the Spanish spoken in Puerto Rico. Spanglish has also become really popular in Puerto Rico because of the influence of English throughout the nation.
Official Languages
The official languages of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English. Although there are two official languages, most of the country is Spanish speaking. English words have been recently added to the country’s lexicon. Most people can understand English but only 25 percent of adults are able to speak English fluently. Some of the immigrant languages spoken in Puerto Rico include Corsican, Eastern Yiddish, French, Haitian, Italian, Ladino and North Levantine Spoken Arabic. There are more immigrants’ languages including Papiamentu, South Levantine Spoken Arabic, German and Chinese. There are about 2,500 French speakers in Puerto Rico. There are three languages listed for Puerto Rico. Out of those languages, they are all still living and have speakers. The biggest difference between the Spanish in Spain and the Spanish in Puerto Rico is the pronunciation. Many Taino words have been added into the Spanish spoken in Puerto Rico. Spanglish has also become really popular in Puerto Rico because of the influence of English throughout the nation.
History
Puerto Rico was first inhabited by Arawak Indians. These people are known as Tainos. The Spanish empire claimed the island as San Juan Boutista in 1493 when Christopher Columbus first arrived. Under the Spanish rule, the indigenous people were forced to be slaves throughout the country. The indigenous people were nearly all gone within a few years because of diseases and other issues. After the indigenous people started to decline, there were more and more slaves brought to Puerto Rico. After nearly 400 years under the Spanish rule, the island was given to the United States after the Spanish-American war in the year 1898. This is a territory of the United States but it is organized and self-governing today. In 1917, the people of Puerto Rico became U.S. citizens. Puerto Rico has never been officially independent.
Puerto Rico was first inhabited by Arawak Indians. These people are known as Tainos. The Spanish empire claimed the island as San Juan Boutista in 1493 when Christopher Columbus first arrived. Under the Spanish rule, the indigenous people were forced to be slaves throughout the country. The indigenous people were nearly all gone within a few years because of diseases and other issues. After the indigenous people started to decline, there were more and more slaves brought to Puerto Rico. After nearly 400 years under the Spanish rule, the island was given to the United States after the Spanish-American war in the year 1898. This is a territory of the United States but it is organized and self-governing today. In 1917, the people of Puerto Rico became U.S. citizens. Puerto Rico has never been officially independent.
Interesting Facts
The population of Puerto Rico is around 4 million people. The literacy rate is around 90 percent. Spanish is the language that is used throughout the education system. Throughout the schools, English is obligatory and is taught as a second language in the education system. After 1898, when America had taken Puerto Rico as a territory, English was taught in schools and Spanish became a special subject. This country is a popular place for tourism. Another name for this country is the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. In Spanish it is Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico only adds to the Spanish speakers with 4 million speakers from the country. Among the business people, bilingualism is more popular.
The population of Puerto Rico is around 4 million people. The literacy rate is around 90 percent. Spanish is the language that is used throughout the education system. Throughout the schools, English is obligatory and is taught as a second language in the education system. After 1898, when America had taken Puerto Rico as a territory, English was taught in schools and Spanish became a special subject. This country is a popular place for tourism. Another name for this country is the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. In Spanish it is Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico only adds to the Spanish speakers with 4 million speakers from the country. Among the business people, bilingualism is more popular.
Jamaica
Jamaica
Official Languages
The official language in Jamaica is English. There are some immigrant languages spoken here including North Levantine Spoken Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish and Chinese. There are 31,000 Chinese speakers. The different British population groups coming to Jamaica influence how the Jamaicans speak today. These different groups include Irish, Scottish and British speakers. Most Jamaicans speak Patois which is an English dialect. This was originally from French but is now in the category of Creole languages. Most of these words in this language have English roots. The structure of grammar and the sounds are strongly influenced by Africans. Because of the people coming to Jamaica who couldn’t speak English there was a language created called Pidgin. When there is no common language between people in Jamaica, they speak Pidgin. This would be categorized as a Creole language. English and African languages were found being mixed from the slave trade through early slave period. This included different things like words and grammar. Amerindian and Spanish also influenced this.
Official Languages
The official language in Jamaica is English. There are some immigrant languages spoken here including North Levantine Spoken Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish and Chinese. There are 31,000 Chinese speakers. The different British population groups coming to Jamaica influence how the Jamaicans speak today. These different groups include Irish, Scottish and British speakers. Most Jamaicans speak Patois which is an English dialect. This was originally from French but is now in the category of Creole languages. Most of these words in this language have English roots. The structure of grammar and the sounds are strongly influenced by Africans. Because of the people coming to Jamaica who couldn’t speak English there was a language created called Pidgin. When there is no common language between people in Jamaica, they speak Pidgin. This would be categorized as a Creole language. English and African languages were found being mixed from the slave trade through early slave period. This included different things like words and grammar. Amerindian and Spanish also influenced this.
History
The Arawak Indians were the first to settle in Jamaica in the 8th century. This included around 60,000 Indians. The Spanish arrived in 1509. Most Arawak Indians died because of diseases 100 years later. In 1655, the English displaced the Spanish and then the English language was established the official language of Jamaica. Christopher Columbus discovered the island in 1494 and claimed the island for the king and queen of Spain. The Spaniards brought the first Africans to Jamaica in 1517. The British arrived and won in a war over the Spaniards and then claimed the land for the king and queen of England in 1655. Jamaica won independence on August 6th, 1962. They also became a member of the British Commonwealth of nations.
The Arawak Indians were the first to settle in Jamaica in the 8th century. This included around 60,000 Indians. The Spanish arrived in 1509. Most Arawak Indians died because of diseases 100 years later. In 1655, the English displaced the Spanish and then the English language was established the official language of Jamaica. Christopher Columbus discovered the island in 1494 and claimed the island for the king and queen of Spain. The Spaniards brought the first Africans to Jamaica in 1517. The British arrived and won in a war over the Spaniards and then claimed the land for the king and queen of England in 1655. Jamaica won independence on August 6th, 1962. They also became a member of the British Commonwealth of nations.
Interesting Facts
The population of Jamaica is around 2.5 million people. The literacy rate is between 82 and 89 percent. The ethnic make-up of Jamaica includes about 91 percent of black and the rest includes East Indian, white, Chinese, mixed and other. The language that is used in education and throughout the country in media is English. In Jamaica, there are issues concerning class when you talk about English speakers. There are some people who believe that they are Rastafarians, which they believe to be a lost tribe of Israel. There is a wide blend of cultures in Jamaica. This includes many different races as well. The French meaning of “patois” is that the language is a common tongue formed for people to communicate when they don’t have a common language. Jamaican Standard English is similar to British Standard English but since Jamaica is close to the United States, American English has been a great influence. The sound made by English speakers to say “th” becomes “d.” For example, “that” becomes “dat.” The language of Patois is now written in novels and songs.
The population of Jamaica is around 2.5 million people. The literacy rate is between 82 and 89 percent. The ethnic make-up of Jamaica includes about 91 percent of black and the rest includes East Indian, white, Chinese, mixed and other. The language that is used in education and throughout the country in media is English. In Jamaica, there are issues concerning class when you talk about English speakers. There are some people who believe that they are Rastafarians, which they believe to be a lost tribe of Israel. There is a wide blend of cultures in Jamaica. This includes many different races as well. The French meaning of “patois” is that the language is a common tongue formed for people to communicate when they don’t have a common language. Jamaican Standard English is similar to British Standard English but since Jamaica is close to the United States, American English has been a great influence. The sound made by English speakers to say “th” becomes “d.” For example, “that” becomes “dat.” The language of Patois is now written in novels and songs.
lunes, 28 de mayo de 2012
Cuba
Cuba
Official Languages
The official language is Spanish. There are immigrant languages spoken here including Catalan-Valencian-Balear and Corsican. There are three language listed for Cuba. Two of these are living languages and one of these three languages only has speakers who speak it as a second language. Lucumi is one of the languages spoken in Cuba. There are 10 million Spanish speakers in Cuba. Due to the Haitian immigrants arriving in Cuba, Creole language is also present. English is becoming increasingly popular but the older people are less likely to speak English. Spanish was brought by former colonial masters. These masters arrived in 1511. The Spanish brought African slaves. These slaves brought their own African dialects. This added to the mix of linguistics found in Cuba. Spanish in Cuba is different from Spain Spanish but it has a lot in common with Venezuelan and Columbian Spanish dialects. The Spanish of Canarians especially has a lot in common with Cuban Spanish. The Canarian Spanish influence is in big part due to heavy migration from the Canary Islands to Cuba between the 19th and 20th century. Several English words from America have come into the local language. During the 19th century, many Haitians brought the language they spoke which was Creole. This was a blend of European and African dialects. In 1959, they were given the freedom to develop the Creole language. Today it is the second most widely spoken language. Cuba is a popular destination for tourists. Due to this, English is becoming more popular.
Official Languages
The official language is Spanish. There are immigrant languages spoken here including Catalan-Valencian-Balear and Corsican. There are three language listed for Cuba. Two of these are living languages and one of these three languages only has speakers who speak it as a second language. Lucumi is one of the languages spoken in Cuba. There are 10 million Spanish speakers in Cuba. Due to the Haitian immigrants arriving in Cuba, Creole language is also present. English is becoming increasingly popular but the older people are less likely to speak English. Spanish was brought by former colonial masters. These masters arrived in 1511. The Spanish brought African slaves. These slaves brought their own African dialects. This added to the mix of linguistics found in Cuba. Spanish in Cuba is different from Spain Spanish but it has a lot in common with Venezuelan and Columbian Spanish dialects. The Spanish of Canarians especially has a lot in common with Cuban Spanish. The Canarian Spanish influence is in big part due to heavy migration from the Canary Islands to Cuba between the 19th and 20th century. Several English words from America have come into the local language. During the 19th century, many Haitians brought the language they spoke which was Creole. This was a blend of European and African dialects. In 1959, they were given the freedom to develop the Creole language. Today it is the second most widely spoken language. Cuba is a popular destination for tourists. Due to this, English is becoming more popular.
History
Cuba was inhabited by Native American people. These people were known as Taino or also called Arawak. The Spanish colonized Cuba in 1511. Before this happened, the island was inhabited by Sibone Indians. The population of Amerindians in Cuba declined after the discovery by the European Christopher Columbus in 1492. The country then developed as a Spanish colony. An intervention by the United States during the Spanish American war of 1898 ended the rule by the Spanish people. The slave trade from Africa started in 1526. The war between Spain and the United States started in late April of 1898. According to the Treaty of Paris, Spain gave all claim of Cuba to the United States. Cuba gained its own independence on May 20, 1902.
Cuba was inhabited by Native American people. These people were known as Taino or also called Arawak. The Spanish colonized Cuba in 1511. Before this happened, the island was inhabited by Sibone Indians. The population of Amerindians in Cuba declined after the discovery by the European Christopher Columbus in 1492. The country then developed as a Spanish colony. An intervention by the United States during the Spanish American war of 1898 ended the rule by the Spanish people. The slave trade from Africa started in 1526. The war between Spain and the United States started in late April of 1898. According to the Treaty of Paris, Spain gave all claim of Cuba to the United States. Cuba gained its own independence on May 20, 1902.
Interesting Facts
The population of Cuba is around 11 million people. The literacy rate is 94 percent. The people of Cuba are of African and Spanish descent. This is mainly due to the fact that these two groups of people went here to make colonies. Cuba has the largest population among the Caribbean. The Cubans refer to their island as “El Cocodreo.” This is because the view from above looks like a crocodile. The British captured this land for one year. They lost it back to Spain the very next year. Cuba has a mixed population. Half of the population is Mulatto. This is when one parent is white and the other is black.
The population of Cuba is around 11 million people. The literacy rate is 94 percent. The people of Cuba are of African and Spanish descent. This is mainly due to the fact that these two groups of people went here to make colonies. Cuba has the largest population among the Caribbean. The Cubans refer to their island as “El Cocodreo.” This is because the view from above looks like a crocodile. The British captured this land for one year. They lost it back to Spain the very next year. Cuba has a mixed population. Half of the population is Mulatto. This is when one parent is white and the other is black.
Bahamas
Bahamas
Official Languages
The official language is English. There are some immigrant languages spoken here including Greek and Haitian. Greek has about 800 speakers and Haitian has about 20,000 speakers in the Bahamas. There are three languages listed for the Bahamas. Of these three languages, two of them are living languages and there is one that has no known speakers. There is some Creole spoken around the Haitian groups. Taino is one language that has become extinct. There is no second language. They have a Bahamian dialect of English. An example of this would “whay yuh tink use’a going” which is translated to “where are you going.” The locals here combine British English with their native language of African, Irish or Scottish heritage.
Official Languages
The official language is English. There are some immigrant languages spoken here including Greek and Haitian. Greek has about 800 speakers and Haitian has about 20,000 speakers in the Bahamas. There are three languages listed for the Bahamas. Of these three languages, two of them are living languages and there is one that has no known speakers. There is some Creole spoken around the Haitian groups. Taino is one language that has become extinct. There is no second language. They have a Bahamian dialect of English. An example of this would “whay yuh tink use’a going” which is translated to “where are you going.” The locals here combine British English with their native language of African, Irish or Scottish heritage.
History
Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492. The islands had a group of people living there called Lucayans. This is a sub group of Arawak Indians. There was a British settlement that was established in the Bahamas in 1647 by a group of English settlers. The islands of the Bahamas became a British colony in 1783. In the 18th century, the Bahamas became a land that was inhabited by pirates. They gained independence in 1973. The economy has prospered since the 1950’s due mainly to the huge amount of money brought in by tourism. Although this is true, there is still struggle with education and health care.
Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492. The islands had a group of people living there called Lucayans. This is a sub group of Arawak Indians. There was a British settlement that was established in the Bahamas in 1647 by a group of English settlers. The islands of the Bahamas became a British colony in 1783. In the 18th century, the Bahamas became a land that was inhabited by pirates. They gained independence in 1973. The economy has prospered since the 1950’s due mainly to the huge amount of money brought in by tourism. Although this is true, there is still struggle with education and health care.
Interesting Facts
The population of the Bahamas is around 320,000 people. There are 30 islands that are inhabited throughout the Bahamas. The literacy rate is 95 percent. The official name for the islands is The Commonwealth of the Bahamas. The currency used is equivalent to the US Dollar and it is called the Bahamian Dollar. Tourism accounts for over 60 percent of the money coming into the Bahamas. After tourism, the next important part of the economy is their financial services. The two main ethnic groups in the Bahamas are the Afro-Bahamians and the Europeans.
The population of the Bahamas is around 320,000 people. There are 30 islands that are inhabited throughout the Bahamas. The literacy rate is 95 percent. The official name for the islands is The Commonwealth of the Bahamas. The currency used is equivalent to the US Dollar and it is called the Bahamian Dollar. Tourism accounts for over 60 percent of the money coming into the Bahamas. After tourism, the next important part of the economy is their financial services. The two main ethnic groups in the Bahamas are the Afro-Bahamians and the Europeans.
Uruguay
Uruguay
Official Languages
The official language is Spanish. Some immigrant languages include Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Corsican, Eastern Yiddish, Hunsriker, Italian, Lithuanian, Plautdietsch, Portuguese, Russian and German. There are two langauges listed for Uruguay. They are both languages that are still alive. Portunol or Brazilero is spoken here too. It is a Portuguese-Spanish mix that is spoken along the Brazilian frontier. Gauchesco-Creolo that was spoken in the 18th and 19th century is still influential. The Spanish has a few differences because it has been influenced by the Italians who have immigrated to the country. The immigrants in the past, spoke a mixture of Spanish and Italian. This was called cocoliche. Some of these words are still used by the population in Uruguay. Another language sometimes spoken is Portunol which is a mixture of Spanish and Portuguese. No indigenous languages in Uruguay are remaining.
Official Languages
The official language is Spanish. Some immigrant languages include Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Corsican, Eastern Yiddish, Hunsriker, Italian, Lithuanian, Plautdietsch, Portuguese, Russian and German. There are two langauges listed for Uruguay. They are both languages that are still alive. Portunol or Brazilero is spoken here too. It is a Portuguese-Spanish mix that is spoken along the Brazilian frontier. Gauchesco-Creolo that was spoken in the 18th and 19th century is still influential. The Spanish has a few differences because it has been influenced by the Italians who have immigrated to the country. The immigrants in the past, spoke a mixture of Spanish and Italian. This was called cocoliche. Some of these words are still used by the population in Uruguay. Another language sometimes spoken is Portunol which is a mixture of Spanish and Portuguese. No indigenous languages in Uruguay are remaining.
History
From 1516 to 1810, the area between Spain and Portugal was having a struggle of who was going to control it. There were minor setbacks by the British and French. The Spanish arrived here in 1516. In 1811, Jose Gervasio Artigas became Uruguay’s national hero because he defeated the Spanish authorities on May 18th. After the Guerra Grande, there were a lot of Italian immigrants around 1879. They became independent on August 25th, 1825. In 1980, the country tried to pass a new constitution. This was denied. In 1989 a National Party candidate won the election and an amnesty for human rights.
From 1516 to 1810, the area between Spain and Portugal was having a struggle of who was going to control it. There were minor setbacks by the British and French. The Spanish arrived here in 1516. In 1811, Jose Gervasio Artigas became Uruguay’s national hero because he defeated the Spanish authorities on May 18th. After the Guerra Grande, there were a lot of Italian immigrants around 1879. They became independent on August 25th, 1825. In 1980, the country tried to pass a new constitution. This was denied. In 1989 a National Party candidate won the election and an amnesty for human rights.
Interesting Facts
The population is around 3 million people. Out of this population, nearly 2 million live in the capital of Montevideo. The literacy rate is 95 percent. English has influenced much of the technology in the country. Also English has influenced the slang used by young people. English is most common in the business world. The study of English has risen significantly in the past years. Many inhabitants speak two languages. Uruguay’s origin comes from the Guarani language, a word that means river of painted birds. The official name of the country is the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Most of the population is of ancestry from Europe. This is the second smallest country in South America. Compared to the rest of South America, Uruguay is one of the most economically developed countries.
The population is around 3 million people. Out of this population, nearly 2 million live in the capital of Montevideo. The literacy rate is 95 percent. English has influenced much of the technology in the country. Also English has influenced the slang used by young people. English is most common in the business world. The study of English has risen significantly in the past years. Many inhabitants speak two languages. Uruguay’s origin comes from the Guarani language, a word that means river of painted birds. The official name of the country is the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Most of the population is of ancestry from Europe. This is the second smallest country in South America. Compared to the rest of South America, Uruguay is one of the most economically developed countries.
Chile
Chile
Official Languages
The people of Chile refer to their Spanish as Castellano but not Espanol. The language has some similarities with Spanish. There are still differences in all aspects of the language. The official language is Spanish. The immigrant languages include Croatian, English, Hunsrik, Italian, German and Vlax Romani. There are 11 languages listed for Chile. Of these languages there are 9 languages that are still alive and there are two languages that have no speakers. Many of the indigenous people speak Mapuche and other indigenous languages. In Chile, 14 million speak Chilean Spanish as their first language. This is a Spanish dialect. It is sometimes hard for other Spanish speakers to understand. It is very similar to the Spanish spoken in Andalucía. The Chilean Spanish has a lot of slang.
Official Languages
The people of Chile refer to their Spanish as Castellano but not Espanol. The language has some similarities with Spanish. There are still differences in all aspects of the language. The official language is Spanish. The immigrant languages include Croatian, English, Hunsrik, Italian, German and Vlax Romani. There are 11 languages listed for Chile. Of these languages there are 9 languages that are still alive and there are two languages that have no speakers. Many of the indigenous people speak Mapuche and other indigenous languages. In Chile, 14 million speak Chilean Spanish as their first language. This is a Spanish dialect. It is sometimes hard for other Spanish speakers to understand. It is very similar to the Spanish spoken in Andalucía. The Chilean Spanish has a lot of slang.
History
Native Americans first settled here along the fertile valleys. Chile was at first ruled by the Incas of the North. The Peregrin Araucanos ruled Chile in the South. The Portuguese pioneer Ferdinand Magelen was one of the first Europeans to go to Chile. This man ground at Chiloe Island in 1520. The region at this time was called Tchili. Pedro de Valdivia established the city of Santiago in 1541. The country of Chile gained its independence from Spain in 1818. Jose de San Martin and Bernardo O’Higgins led Chile to their independence. Bernardo O’Higgins was the dictator until 1823. The history of Chile can be separated into three phases. These include the culture of the Incas and Mapuches, the Spanish colonialism and the Independent Chile.
Native Americans first settled here along the fertile valleys. Chile was at first ruled by the Incas of the North. The Peregrin Araucanos ruled Chile in the South. The Portuguese pioneer Ferdinand Magelen was one of the first Europeans to go to Chile. This man ground at Chiloe Island in 1520. The region at this time was called Tchili. Pedro de Valdivia established the city of Santiago in 1541. The country of Chile gained its independence from Spain in 1818. Jose de San Martin and Bernardo O’Higgins led Chile to their independence. Bernardo O’Higgins was the dictator until 1823. The history of Chile can be separated into three phases. These include the culture of the Incas and Mapuches, the Spanish colonialism and the Independent Chile.
Interesting Facts
English is taught in schools and it is used for international business. There is German heritage found throughout Southern Chile. The population of Chile is around 16 million people. The literacy rate is right around 93 percent. The population is mostly of Meztizos. The indigenous groups that are surviving include the Aymara in the North and Mapuche in the South. It is home to a lot of immigrant groups from nearly every European country. Although there are about 150,000 Chileans that have some German ancestry, today German is only spoken by 20,000 people. Of the population, 96.2 percent are literate. The Peso is the currency used throughout Chile. They have one of the longest dry spell, they didn’t get rain for 40 years.
English is taught in schools and it is used for international business. There is German heritage found throughout Southern Chile. The population of Chile is around 16 million people. The literacy rate is right around 93 percent. The population is mostly of Meztizos. The indigenous groups that are surviving include the Aymara in the North and Mapuche in the South. It is home to a lot of immigrant groups from nearly every European country. Although there are about 150,000 Chileans that have some German ancestry, today German is only spoken by 20,000 people. Of the population, 96.2 percent are literate. The Peso is the currency used throughout Chile. They have one of the longest dry spell, they didn’t get rain for 40 years.
Argentina
Argentina
Official Languages
The official language of Argentina is Spanish. English, Italian, German and French are also widely spoken throughout the country. Other immigrant languages include Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Eastern Yiddish, Hunsrik, Italian, Japanese and others. The most spoken is Italian with 1.5 million speakers throughout Argentina. The list of languages for Argentina includes 26. Twenty-five of those are still living languages today and one of these languages has no known speakers. The Spanish that is spoken throughout Argentina has a distinct accent. This has a strong Italian influence. The Spanish here sounds in some ways more like Italian. They use the word che when saying “hey.” Lunfardo is a special slang consisting of Spanish, Italian, Portuguese and other languages. In Lunfardo, tengo becomes goton. There are three languages still spoken by indigenous people. These include Araucanian, Gaurani and Quechua. The double l sound often sounds like a zh sound in Argentina. They use vos instead of tu.
Official Languages
The official language of Argentina is Spanish. English, Italian, German and French are also widely spoken throughout the country. Other immigrant languages include Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Eastern Yiddish, Hunsrik, Italian, Japanese and others. The most spoken is Italian with 1.5 million speakers throughout Argentina. The list of languages for Argentina includes 26. Twenty-five of those are still living languages today and one of these languages has no known speakers. The Spanish that is spoken throughout Argentina has a distinct accent. This has a strong Italian influence. The Spanish here sounds in some ways more like Italian. They use the word che when saying “hey.” Lunfardo is a special slang consisting of Spanish, Italian, Portuguese and other languages. In Lunfardo, tengo becomes goton. There are three languages still spoken by indigenous people. These include Araucanian, Gaurani and Quechua. The double l sound often sounds like a zh sound in Argentina. They use vos instead of tu.
History
Argentina was colonized by Spain in the 16th century and went on to declare its independence in 1816. Argentina started as a democratic republic in the mid-19th century. Argentina’s claim to the Falkland Islands led to a war that they lost against Britain. The people in Argentina are a fusion of diverse groups of people. This includes descendants of Italian and Spanish immigrants. The Diaguita and the Guirani were the two main indigenous groups before the arrival of the Europeans. The culture of Argentina includes many people who emigrated from Europe. This results in the lack of indigenous culture found in Argentina. The most immigrants came in the 1850s and 1930s. This included over 3.5 million people coming to Argentina. These people came from Italy but also from Spain, Whales, England, Germany, Switzerland, France and Poland. This is the biggest reason that there is a large mix of language and cultures.
Argentina was colonized by Spain in the 16th century and went on to declare its independence in 1816. Argentina started as a democratic republic in the mid-19th century. Argentina’s claim to the Falkland Islands led to a war that they lost against Britain. The people in Argentina are a fusion of diverse groups of people. This includes descendants of Italian and Spanish immigrants. The Diaguita and the Guirani were the two main indigenous groups before the arrival of the Europeans. The culture of Argentina includes many people who emigrated from Europe. This results in the lack of indigenous culture found in Argentina. The most immigrants came in the 1850s and 1930s. This included over 3.5 million people coming to Argentina. These people came from Italy but also from Spain, Whales, England, Germany, Switzerland, France and Poland. This is the biggest reason that there is a large mix of language and cultures.
Interesting Facts
The population of Argentina is around 39 million people. The literacy rate is around 93 percent. The white ethnic group makes up about 97 percent of the population. This includes Italians and Spanish people. The descent of most Argentines is from Europe. This is what makes Argentina different from other Latin America countries. Many places in Argentina have signs that are in English but the people working there most likely do not know who to speak English. People in Argentina are open and blunt. They are warm people. They use the Peso as their currency. In 1996, English was made the official second language. In all schools, the students must be taught English for two hours per week. Argentina is from a Latin word that means Silver. There are no sources of Silver here but when the Spanish arrived, there were rumors of silver mountains.
Paraguay
Paraguay
Official Languages
It is a bilingual country. The official languages are Spanish and Guarani. Guarani speakers include a majority of non-indigenous people and this is the only indigenous language that is that way. There are 50,000 speakers of American Indian languages. This does not include Paraguayan Guarani. Immigrant languages include Greek, Hunsrik, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese and Ukranian. The most spoken is Portuguese with 636,000 speakers. The list of languages for Paraguay is 22. Out of those 22, there are 20 that are still living languages. One language is without a mother tongue speakers and one has no known speakers. Guarani is spoken by 90 percent of the population in Paraguay. This includes the middle class, Presidential candidates and new arrivals to the country. Antonio Ruiz de Montoya claimed Guarani as a language “so copious and elegant that it can compete with the most famous (of languages).”
Official Languages
It is a bilingual country. The official languages are Spanish and Guarani. Guarani speakers include a majority of non-indigenous people and this is the only indigenous language that is that way. There are 50,000 speakers of American Indian languages. This does not include Paraguayan Guarani. Immigrant languages include Greek, Hunsrik, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese and Ukranian. The most spoken is Portuguese with 636,000 speakers. The list of languages for Paraguay is 22. Out of those 22, there are 20 that are still living languages. One language is without a mother tongue speakers and one has no known speakers. Guarani is spoken by 90 percent of the population in Paraguay. This includes the middle class, Presidential candidates and new arrivals to the country. Antonio Ruiz de Montoya claimed Guarani as a language “so copious and elegant that it can compete with the most famous (of languages).”
History
Europeans arrived in this area where there were nomadic people living called Cayua or Caingua meaning “Men of the forest,” in the early 16th century. The Spaniards founded the center of a Spanish colonial province called Asuncion in 1537. Paraguay declared its independence in 1811 by overthrowing the Spanish rulers. The first president after Paraguay gained its independence was Jose Gaspar Rodriguez de Francia. Guarani was the language selected by the Jesuits to preach Catholicism to the Indians. Since this time, the country has protected the local culture and language. In 1992, the constitution made Guarani equal to Spanish. Officials have increased Guarani instruction in primary schools. This constitution also improved the protection of the fundamental rights in the country.
Europeans arrived in this area where there were nomadic people living called Cayua or Caingua meaning “Men of the forest,” in the early 16th century. The Spaniards founded the center of a Spanish colonial province called Asuncion in 1537. Paraguay declared its independence in 1811 by overthrowing the Spanish rulers. The first president after Paraguay gained its independence was Jose Gaspar Rodriguez de Francia. Guarani was the language selected by the Jesuits to preach Catholicism to the Indians. Since this time, the country has protected the local culture and language. In 1992, the constitution made Guarani equal to Spanish. Officials have increased Guarani instruction in primary schools. This constitution also improved the protection of the fundamental rights in the country.
The population of Paraguay is around 6 million people. The literacy rate is around 85 percent. The Guarani alphabet includes letters that have the same value as the Spanish alphabet. Guarani shows a lot of nasal harmony and high pitch sounds. Paraguay is the only country in the Americas that most of the population speaks on indigenous language. That language is Guarani. This is a source of national pride for Paraguay. Guarani uses the subject, verb, object order. This language does not have gender and lacks an article. There is a Spanish influence seen in Guarani. For singular things la is used and for plural lo is used. Books such as Don Quijote and the Book of Mormon recently have been translated into Guarani. Paraguay today remains one of the poorest and least-developed countries in the region. Although this is true, last year they had the largest economic expansion. There are only about 54 out of 12,000 schools that teach Portuguese in Paraguay. This is interesting because the biggest neighbor is Brazil. Guarani became a written language recently. The modern Guarani alphabet is basically a subset of the Latin script.
domingo, 27 de mayo de 2012
Bolivia
Bolivia
Official Languages
The official languages of Bolivia are Spanish, North Bolivian, Quechua, South Bolivian Quechua and Central Aymara. There are about 45 languages listed for Bolivia. Out of these 37 are languages that are still spoken and living today. There is one language without mother-tongue speakers. There are 7 languages are dead languages and have no known speakers. Immigrant languages spoken in Bolivia include American Sign Language, Corsican, German and Wichi Lhamtes Vejoz. There are about 60,000 German speakers throughout Bolivia. More than 60 percent of the population speaks Spanish. There are 21% of the people speaking Quechua. Fourteen percent speak Aymara. Other languages make up the other three percent. There are at least 30 indigenous languages spoken in Bolivia. These include Plautdietsch and Tupi Guarani. Althought Spanish is the official language, only 60-70% of the population speaks Spanish. It is often a second language.
Official Languages
The official languages of Bolivia are Spanish, North Bolivian, Quechua, South Bolivian Quechua and Central Aymara. There are about 45 languages listed for Bolivia. Out of these 37 are languages that are still spoken and living today. There is one language without mother-tongue speakers. There are 7 languages are dead languages and have no known speakers. Immigrant languages spoken in Bolivia include American Sign Language, Corsican, German and Wichi Lhamtes Vejoz. There are about 60,000 German speakers throughout Bolivia. More than 60 percent of the population speaks Spanish. There are 21% of the people speaking Quechua. Fourteen percent speak Aymara. Other languages make up the other three percent. There are at least 30 indigenous languages spoken in Bolivia. These include Plautdietsch and Tupi Guarani. Althought Spanish is the official language, only 60-70% of the population speaks Spanish. It is often a second language.
History
Before European colonization, the Andean region was a part of the Inca Empire. The Spanish conquest of the Incan Empire began in 1524. Most of this Spanish conquest was done by 1533. Francisco Pizarro and Diego de Almagro were the first Spaniards to arrive in 1531. They called current Bolivia Alto Peru. Eventually the indigenous people were made slaves and farmers. What is now called Bolivia used to be known as the Upper Peru. It used to be under the authority of the Viceroy of Lima. In the late 16th century, Bolivian silver was a big economic source for the Spanish Empire. Bolivia’s struggle for independence started in 1809. The first city to want freedom in Latin America was the city in Bolivia of Sucre. They gained their independence in 1824 and were called the Republic of Bolivia. Bolivia experienced 191 governments since their independence in 1824.
Before European colonization, the Andean region was a part of the Inca Empire. The Spanish conquest of the Incan Empire began in 1524. Most of this Spanish conquest was done by 1533. Francisco Pizarro and Diego de Almagro were the first Spaniards to arrive in 1531. They called current Bolivia Alto Peru. Eventually the indigenous people were made slaves and farmers. What is now called Bolivia used to be known as the Upper Peru. It used to be under the authority of the Viceroy of Lima. In the late 16th century, Bolivian silver was a big economic source for the Spanish Empire. Bolivia’s struggle for independence started in 1809. The first city to want freedom in Latin America was the city in Bolivia of Sucre. They gained their independence in 1824 and were called the Republic of Bolivia. Bolivia experienced 191 governments since their independence in 1824.
Interesting Facts
The population of Bolivia is around 9 million people. The literacy rate is ranging from 63 to 81 percent. The currency of Bolivia is the Bob. Bolivia is named after Simon Bolivar. Simon Bolivar was a leader in the Spanish American wars of independence. Bilingual education in Bolivia is a part of a large education reform. With a new curriculum being used, students who only speak Aymara, Guarani, or Quechua will be taught to read and write in their native language. Then, Spanish is introduced after the first year and by 3rd grade, students should be reading and writing in Spanish and their original language.
The population of Bolivia is around 9 million people. The literacy rate is ranging from 63 to 81 percent. The currency of Bolivia is the Bob. Bolivia is named after Simon Bolivar. Simon Bolivar was a leader in the Spanish American wars of independence. Bilingual education in Bolivia is a part of a large education reform. With a new curriculum being used, students who only speak Aymara, Guarani, or Quechua will be taught to read and write in their native language. Then, Spanish is introduced after the first year and by 3rd grade, students should be reading and writing in Spanish and their original language.
Brazil
Brazil
Official Languages
Portuguese is spoken by almost 100 percent of the population. The difference in the Portuguese spoken in Brazil compared to Portugal is easily compared to the difference between English spoken in the United States compared to the United Kingdom. There are only variations in accents and vocabs in Portuguese. There are no dialects that differ in Portuguese. There are approximately 230 languages listed for the country of Brazil. Out of those languages there are 181 that are still living languages and there are approximately 50 that have no known speakers and are therefore dead languages. Some of the immigrant languages include Irish Gaelic, Italian, Assyrian Neo-aramaic and German. There are about 380,000 Japanese speakers.
Official Languages
Portuguese is spoken by almost 100 percent of the population. The difference in the Portuguese spoken in Brazil compared to Portugal is easily compared to the difference between English spoken in the United States compared to the United Kingdom. There are only variations in accents and vocabs in Portuguese. There are no dialects that differ in Portuguese. There are approximately 230 languages listed for the country of Brazil. Out of those languages there are 181 that are still living languages and there are approximately 50 that have no known speakers and are therefore dead languages. Some of the immigrant languages include Irish Gaelic, Italian, Assyrian Neo-aramaic and German. There are about 380,000 Japanese speakers.
History
Brazil was claimed part of Portugal by Pedro Alvarez Cabral in the early
1500’s. He named it first
Veracruise. Various races have been
inhabited in Brazil throughout 8,000 years in history. This was found out by fossil records. Brazil has been invaded by many different countries
over the lapse of time. These countries
include France, the Netherlands, and Portugal.
Early on Brazil was separated into portions of land which were then donated
to Portuguese noblemen. When the king of
Portugal found out the system was not sufficient, the king took direct control
of the country. Brazil won independence from
the Portuguese on September 7th, 1842.
Interesting Facts
The written language of Portuguese and the spoken language are different. There are very few people who can correctly write the Portuguese language correctly. English is often studied in school and has replaced French as the second language among the educated people. The population of Brazil is around 187 million people. The literacy rate is 88 percent. In the Americas, Brazil is the only Portuguese speaking country. This gives Brazil a very different culture than the neighboring Spanish-speaking countries. Portuguese is the only language that is used in the schooling system, newspapers and media including TV and radio.
The written language of Portuguese and the spoken language are different. There are very few people who can correctly write the Portuguese language correctly. English is often studied in school and has replaced French as the second language among the educated people. The population of Brazil is around 187 million people. The literacy rate is 88 percent. In the Americas, Brazil is the only Portuguese speaking country. This gives Brazil a very different culture than the neighboring Spanish-speaking countries. Portuguese is the only language that is used in the schooling system, newspapers and media including TV and radio.
Peru
Peru
Official Languages
All languages found in Peru are official languages. This first one is Spanish. This is spoken by 83.9% of the population. The three main varieties include Peruvian Coast Spanish, Andean Spanish and Amazonic Spanish. There are around 104 listed languages for Peru. Out of those 104 languages, there are still today 92 that have speakers. Out of those 104 languages, there are 12 today that have no known speakers. They also speak Quechua. Also spoken are Aymara and a great number of minor Amazonian languages. Two immigrant languages found are North Bolivian Quechua and Chinese. The main aboriginal languages are spoken in the Central Andes and the Amazon forests. Many of these languages have died out. Mochica went extinct in the 1950’s. The number of languages used throughout the history in Peru easily is more than 300 different languages. Japanese and Chinese are represented in small numbers. Germans, Arabic speakers and Hindi speakers have kept their native languages alive in Peru.
Official Languages
All languages found in Peru are official languages. This first one is Spanish. This is spoken by 83.9% of the population. The three main varieties include Peruvian Coast Spanish, Andean Spanish and Amazonic Spanish. There are around 104 listed languages for Peru. Out of those 104 languages, there are still today 92 that have speakers. Out of those 104 languages, there are 12 today that have no known speakers. They also speak Quechua. Also spoken are Aymara and a great number of minor Amazonian languages. Two immigrant languages found are North Bolivian Quechua and Chinese. The main aboriginal languages are spoken in the Central Andes and the Amazon forests. Many of these languages have died out. Mochica went extinct in the 1950’s. The number of languages used throughout the history in Peru easily is more than 300 different languages. Japanese and Chinese are represented in small numbers. Germans, Arabic speakers and Hindi speakers have kept their native languages alive in Peru.
History
There were Incan people and when Spain came over to invade, they brought a new disease which the Incas had no immunity to. This destroyed the Incan population. By 1572, the Spaniards had executed the last Incan ruler. Francisco Pizarro, the Spanish conquistador, explored Peru from 1526 to 1528. Spain ruled Peru until 1824. At this time, Venezuelan leaders and Argentinian leaders invaded Peru and took over the land. In 1821, Peru declared its independence from Spain. In 1823, Simon Bolivar took an army from Venezuela into Peru in order to help Peru fight the Spanish. In 1826, Spain surrendered. In the 19th century, while most of South America was fighting wars of independence. During this time, they remained a strong country. Peru was the last Spanish colony to gain their independence.
There were Incan people and when Spain came over to invade, they brought a new disease which the Incas had no immunity to. This destroyed the Incan population. By 1572, the Spaniards had executed the last Incan ruler. Francisco Pizarro, the Spanish conquistador, explored Peru from 1526 to 1528. Spain ruled Peru until 1824. At this time, Venezuelan leaders and Argentinian leaders invaded Peru and took over the land. In 1821, Peru declared its independence from Spain. In 1823, Simon Bolivar took an army from Venezuela into Peru in order to help Peru fight the Spanish. In 1826, Spain surrendered. In the 19th century, while most of South America was fighting wars of independence. During this time, they remained a strong country. Peru was the last Spanish colony to gain their independence.
Interesting Facts
In Peru, the education system wants to spread the Indigenous culture and language. In secondary schools, students learn Spanish and other languages. The population of Peru is around 27 million people. The literacy rate is around 75 percent. Spanish is used in politics, media and schools. It is officially the Republic of Peru. The main activities for economy in Peru include agriculture, fishing, mining and manufacturing of goods. Efforts are being made to put Quetchua as a part of the education system. The currency is Nuevo Sol. The name Peru comes from a Quetchuan word meaning abundance.
In Peru, the education system wants to spread the Indigenous culture and language. In secondary schools, students learn Spanish and other languages. The population of Peru is around 27 million people. The literacy rate is around 75 percent. Spanish is used in politics, media and schools. It is officially the Republic of Peru. The main activities for economy in Peru include agriculture, fishing, mining and manufacturing of goods. Efforts are being made to put Quetchua as a part of the education system. The currency is Nuevo Sol. The name Peru comes from a Quetchuan word meaning abundance.
Ecuador
Ecuador
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language. There is another official language called Quichua. A third official language is called Cofan. They also use other Amerindian languages. Quichua is actually an Inca language. Some immigrant languages include English, German, Arabic and Chinese. English is the most spoken immigrant language at roughly 65 thousand speakers. In each province, they have a tendency to speak differently. Costenos have a tendency to speak louder and more quickly than Serranos. Due to the rapid speed of talking includes the formation of new words. This causes difficulty to translate or understand sayings if you are from another Spanish speaking region. There are three types of Spanish spoken throughout Ecuador. These groups are based on the geography. They include Ecuatorial Pacific Spanish and Ecuatorial Coastal Spanish, Andean Spanish and Amazonian Spanish. All of these are very different from each other.
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language. There is another official language called Quichua. A third official language is called Cofan. They also use other Amerindian languages. Quichua is actually an Inca language. Some immigrant languages include English, German, Arabic and Chinese. English is the most spoken immigrant language at roughly 65 thousand speakers. In each province, they have a tendency to speak differently. Costenos have a tendency to speak louder and more quickly than Serranos. Due to the rapid speed of talking includes the formation of new words. This causes difficulty to translate or understand sayings if you are from another Spanish speaking region. There are three types of Spanish spoken throughout Ecuador. These groups are based on the geography. They include Ecuatorial Pacific Spanish and Ecuatorial Coastal Spanish, Andean Spanish and Amazonian Spanish. All of these are very different from each other.
History
In 1532, Francisco Pizarro helped the Spanish invade this land. This land included the Incan Empire. Francisco killed the Incan ruler and kept those who survived to work for the Spanish people. Ecuador was now a province of the Spanish Empire until the first attempt for their independence in 1809. The first city to become independent was Guayaquil. This happened in 1820. They became independent of the Spanish in the year 1822. However, Ecuador became its own independent nation in 1830. In 1941, Ecuador began a war with Peru over the land. Democracy returned to Ecuador in 1979. During this year, there was an election for the leader. This election brought out the most voters in the history.
In 1532, Francisco Pizarro helped the Spanish invade this land. This land included the Incan Empire. Francisco killed the Incan ruler and kept those who survived to work for the Spanish people. Ecuador was now a province of the Spanish Empire until the first attempt for their independence in 1809. The first city to become independent was Guayaquil. This happened in 1820. They became independent of the Spanish in the year 1822. However, Ecuador became its own independent nation in 1830. In 1941, Ecuador began a war with Peru over the land. Democracy returned to Ecuador in 1979. During this year, there was an election for the leader. This election brought out the most voters in the history.
The population is estimated at 13 million people. The literacy rate in Ecuador ranges from 70 to 90 percent. Voting is mandatory for everyone who is older than 18 years. Quichua is the preferred language, but Spanish is taught in the schools. The structure of the education system is very strong. Most of the people in Ecuador are Mestizo. This is a mixture between Amerindian and European ancestors. The culture found in Ecuador is a mixture between Amerindians, Europeans and an influence from Africa. They sometimes call each other mijo. This is a mixture of mi and hijo. Such words come from their rapid speech.
Venezuela
Venezuela
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language of Venezuela. Along with Spanish there are about 40 other indigenous languages spoken. These languages are on the verge of being extinct. There are about 40 still living languages and 6 that are dead languages that have no known speakers. There are about 40 languages spoken by approximately 530,000 people. Italian, Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic and English are spoken foreign languages throughout Venezuela. The Indians in Venezuela speak around 25 different languages. The Spanish spoken in Venezuela is different than the Spanish spoken in Latin America. Venezuelan Spanish differs in pronunciation and also has variation in vocabulary from the Spanish spoken throughout Spain. In Venezuela, they call their language Castellano. This language also shortens words. An example of this is changing “para” into “par.” Originally from Southern Spain and the Canary Islands, this and other traits are common to other Spanish variations.
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language of Venezuela. Along with Spanish there are about 40 other indigenous languages spoken. These languages are on the verge of being extinct. There are about 40 still living languages and 6 that are dead languages that have no known speakers. There are about 40 languages spoken by approximately 530,000 people. Italian, Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic and English are spoken foreign languages throughout Venezuela. The Indians in Venezuela speak around 25 different languages. The Spanish spoken in Venezuela is different than the Spanish spoken in Latin America. Venezuelan Spanish differs in pronunciation and also has variation in vocabulary from the Spanish spoken throughout Spain. In Venezuela, they call their language Castellano. This language also shortens words. An example of this is changing “para” into “par.” Originally from Southern Spain and the Canary Islands, this and other traits are common to other Spanish variations.
History
Before the Spanish Conquest, it is unknown how many people were living in Venezuela. The colonization by the Spanish started in 1522. Venezuela was ruled by Spain by the late 1500’s. Spaniards brought slaves from Africa and these two groups along with the Native Indians shared the land although the Spaniards still held power. In 1810, the Creole’s rose against the Spanish and declared their independence. The day that they declared their independence was on July 5th, 1811. They have had their independence since that day. In the 2000’s, there were about 50,000 Italians in Venezuela.
Before the Spanish Conquest, it is unknown how many people were living in Venezuela. The colonization by the Spanish started in 1522. Venezuela was ruled by Spain by the late 1500’s. Spaniards brought slaves from Africa and these two groups along with the Native Indians shared the land although the Spaniards still held power. In 1810, the Creole’s rose against the Spanish and declared their independence. The day that they declared their independence was on July 5th, 1811. They have had their independence since that day. In the 2000’s, there were about 50,000 Italians in Venezuela.
Interesting Facts
The population of Venezuela is around 26 million people. The literacy rate is right around 88 percent. English is not spoken or understood in many part of Venezuela, even the bigger cities. Although, it is not a popularly spoken language, English has a high demand. There are many professionals and professors that speak English. Along with that, there are people of middle and high class also that speak English. English is taught in secondary education for at least 5 years. It is continued through at least 9th grade. French is also taught as an obligatory subject. The name of Venezuela comes from an Italian who called the land “Little Venice.”
The population of Venezuela is around 26 million people. The literacy rate is right around 88 percent. English is not spoken or understood in many part of Venezuela, even the bigger cities. Although, it is not a popularly spoken language, English has a high demand. There are many professionals and professors that speak English. Along with that, there are people of middle and high class also that speak English. English is taught in secondary education for at least 5 years. It is continued through at least 9th grade. French is also taught as an obligatory subject. The name of Venezuela comes from an Italian who called the land “Little Venice.”
French Guiana
French Guiana
Official Languages
French is the official language. French Guianese, creole and Amerindian languages are still spoken. The number of languages listed for this country is twelve languages. All of these are languages that have not died yet. Six Amerindian languages, four maroon dialects and Hmong Njua are spoken throughout French Guiana. Other languages include Portuguese, Hakka, Haitian, Spanish, Dutch and English. Some other spoken languages include Javanese, Saramaccan and Wayampi. French Creole is a French-based creole language. The people of African descent speak Taki-Taki. This is a language based partly on English.
Official Languages
French is the official language. French Guianese, creole and Amerindian languages are still spoken. The number of languages listed for this country is twelve languages. All of these are languages that have not died yet. Six Amerindian languages, four maroon dialects and Hmong Njua are spoken throughout French Guiana. Other languages include Portuguese, Hakka, Haitian, Spanish, Dutch and English. Some other spoken languages include Javanese, Saramaccan and Wayampi. French Creole is a French-based creole language. The people of African descent speak Taki-Taki. This is a language based partly on English.
History
Originally was inhabited by people who were indigenous and this is where they Amerindian languages come from. Christopher Columbus found Guiana in 1498 and the French settled on the land 100 years later. The Arawak Indians were the first tribe to live in the area of the French Guiana. The Caribs were the next tribe to inhabit the land. The French were the first Europeans to inhabit this language. They inhabited this language when they were trying to find the lost city of gold. The first settlement failed because of Indian attacks and the climate. In 1634, the French settled again and were there to stay. The French tried to colonize Guiana in mid-1700’s but this effort failed. French Guiana became a prison colony and the French sent convicts there. They were especially sent to Devil’s Island. Gold was discovered in 1855 and the status of the prison colony ended in 1940. There was a territory of Inini that was mostly made up of French Guiana. This was removed when the French Guiana official became an overseas department of France in 1964.
Originally was inhabited by people who were indigenous and this is where they Amerindian languages come from. Christopher Columbus found Guiana in 1498 and the French settled on the land 100 years later. The Arawak Indians were the first tribe to live in the area of the French Guiana. The Caribs were the next tribe to inhabit the land. The French were the first Europeans to inhabit this language. They inhabited this language when they were trying to find the lost city of gold. The first settlement failed because of Indian attacks and the climate. In 1634, the French settled again and were there to stay. The French tried to colonize Guiana in mid-1700’s but this effort failed. French Guiana became a prison colony and the French sent convicts there. They were especially sent to Devil’s Island. Gold was discovered in 1855 and the status of the prison colony ended in 1940. There was a territory of Inini that was mostly made up of French Guiana. This was removed when the French Guiana official became an overseas department of France in 1964.
Interesting Facts
They use the Euro for their currency. This country is also a part of the Eurozone because it is a part of France. Their population is 192,000 people. The literacy rate is around 80 percent. The schooling in French Guiana is based off of the structure of school in France. It is an overseas region of France. The reason that the “French” part was added in front of Guiana is because in the colonial times there were five colonies named Guiana so this is part of how they made them different. French names are often used for children. Popular names for boys are often combined in a French way. They become Jean-Paul or Jean-Pierre, for example. Girl’s names often end in Et which means little. Examples are Yevette, Susette and Jeanette.
They use the Euro for their currency. This country is also a part of the Eurozone because it is a part of France. Their population is 192,000 people. The literacy rate is around 80 percent. The schooling in French Guiana is based off of the structure of school in France. It is an overseas region of France. The reason that the “French” part was added in front of Guiana is because in the colonial times there were five colonies named Guiana so this is part of how they made them different. French names are often used for children. Popular names for boys are often combined in a French way. They become Jean-Paul or Jean-Pierre, for example. Girl’s names often end in Et which means little. Examples are Yevette, Susette and Jeanette.
domingo, 13 de mayo de 2012
Suriname
Suriname
Official Languages
Dutch is the official language in Suriname. In Suriname 60% or more speak Dutch. This makes it one of the two countries in South America that does not speak a Romance language. Other spoken languages include Sranan Tongo, a Creole language which involves elements from English, Portuguese, Dutch, and influences from African and Indian languages. A local creole language which was spoken originally by the creole population group, Sranan Tongo, is the most spoken language in daily communication throughout Suriname. Other languages spoken are Hindi, Javanese, Maroon and indigenous people languages. Around 500,000 people speak Sranan in suriname.
History
The first colonies that arrived in Suriname were English and Dutch. These colonies were created along the rivers throughout the country. In 1667, the Dutch gained control of the area. Sranan has been used since about 1700. Suriname was a colony of the Netherlands until 1975. This shows where the Dutch influence comes from. The larger part of the population includes immigrants from Africa, Asia and Europe. Due to this, there are many languages spoken in Suriname. Dutch was enforced in the schools and remained the primary language of government starting in 1877. The slaves that did manage to escape created many independent tribes. Slavery was abolished in 1863 in Suriname. Due to the history of Suriname, it is considered one of the most diverse countries in the world when it comes to ethnicity and culture. The gained their independence on November 25, 1975.
The first colonies that arrived in Suriname were English and Dutch. These colonies were created along the rivers throughout the country. In 1667, the Dutch gained control of the area. Sranan has been used since about 1700. Suriname was a colony of the Netherlands until 1975. This shows where the Dutch influence comes from. The larger part of the population includes immigrants from Africa, Asia and Europe. Due to this, there are many languages spoken in Suriname. Dutch was enforced in the schools and remained the primary language of government starting in 1877. The slaves that did manage to escape created many independent tribes. Slavery was abolished in 1863 in Suriname. Due to the history of Suriname, it is considered one of the most diverse countries in the world when it comes to ethnicity and culture. The gained their independence on November 25, 1975.
Interesting Facts
In the government and schools throughout Suriname, Dutch is used. The language that was used between European, African and the Indians all used Sranan to communicate with each other. The population of Suriname is right around 450,000 people. The literacy rate here is 65-95%. There is one language without any mother tongue speakers. After taking a survey of the Sranan verbs it was found that 44% were English derived, 40% were from Dutch, 5% were from Portuguese and 2% had African origins and 9% were unknown origin. This was a product of people trying to communicate with other immigrants and people from different places. This resulted in modern day Sranan.
In the government and schools throughout Suriname, Dutch is used. The language that was used between European, African and the Indians all used Sranan to communicate with each other. The population of Suriname is right around 450,000 people. The literacy rate here is 65-95%. There is one language without any mother tongue speakers. After taking a survey of the Sranan verbs it was found that 44% were English derived, 40% were from Dutch, 5% were from Portuguese and 2% had African origins and 9% were unknown origin. This was a product of people trying to communicate with other immigrants and people from different places. This resulted in modern day Sranan.
Guyana
Guyana
Official Languages
The official language of Guyana is English. Guyanese Creole is widely spoken. This type of Creole has African and East Indian influence. Also, there are 17 languages listed that are spoken in Guyana. Out of those 17, there is one that is not spoken at this present time because there are no speakers. Among these other languages includes English Creole and Amerindian dialects. There is some communication among the Hindus in Hindi and among the Muslims in Urdu found throughout Guyana. The Guyanese have several languages due to the influence of the Europeans, Americans and Indians. Caribbean languages like Akawaio and Macushi are spoken by a small amount of people in Guyana.
Official Languages
The official language of Guyana is English. Guyanese Creole is widely spoken. This type of Creole has African and East Indian influence. Also, there are 17 languages listed that are spoken in Guyana. Out of those 17, there is one that is not spoken at this present time because there are no speakers. Among these other languages includes English Creole and Amerindian dialects. There is some communication among the Hindus in Hindi and among the Muslims in Urdu found throughout Guyana. The Guyanese have several languages due to the influence of the Europeans, Americans and Indians. Caribbean languages like Akawaio and Macushi are spoken by a small amount of people in Guyana.
History
In the 16th century, the Dutch arrived and they were the first to build a colony. They brought slaves that spoke different languages. One of the main people among the slaves brought by the Dutch was Muslims who spoke Arabic. In the late 18th century, the British took control and the Dutch left the area. At this time the area was known as British Guiana. After slavery was abolished and the British arrived, English replaced Dutch. All literate immigrants in Guyana had an excellent command in Urdu and were easily identified to fill the roles of teachers and Imams. Guyana became independent from the United Kingdom in May of 1966. Following that, they became a republic in February 1970. Until the 1970s, Urdu remained the dominant language used for the Islamic people to communicate their history morals and to educate the people.
In the 16th century, the Dutch arrived and they were the first to build a colony. They brought slaves that spoke different languages. One of the main people among the slaves brought by the Dutch was Muslims who spoke Arabic. In the late 18th century, the British took control and the Dutch left the area. At this time the area was known as British Guiana. After slavery was abolished and the British arrived, English replaced Dutch. All literate immigrants in Guyana had an excellent command in Urdu and were easily identified to fill the roles of teachers and Imams. Guyana became independent from the United Kingdom in May of 1966. Following that, they became a republic in February 1970. Until the 1970s, Urdu remained the dominant language used for the Islamic people to communicate their history morals and to educate the people.
Interesting Facts
The literacy rate of Guyana is 91%. Along with that, the population is 740,000 people. Out of that population, 43,000 of them are Amerindians. There are 17 individual languages listed for this country. Out of those, there is only one dead language with no known speakers. It is the third smallest country in South America’s mainland. Spanish and French are both taught as a second language in the schools. Portuguese is also widely used as a second language throughout Guyana. Despite the many influences that the people in Guyana receive from the Europeans and Americans, it is still very easy for them to communicate. It is the only English speaking country of South America. Guyana is often called the Land of 6 People.
The literacy rate of Guyana is 91%. Along with that, the population is 740,000 people. Out of that population, 43,000 of them are Amerindians. There are 17 individual languages listed for this country. Out of those, there is only one dead language with no known speakers. It is the third smallest country in South America’s mainland. Spanish and French are both taught as a second language in the schools. Portuguese is also widely used as a second language throughout Guyana. Despite the many influences that the people in Guyana receive from the Europeans and Americans, it is still very easy for them to communicate. It is the only English speaking country of South America. Guyana is often called the Land of 6 People.
jueves, 3 de mayo de 2012
Colombia
The Republic of Colombia
Official Languages
The official language of Colombia is Spanish. In Colombia, there are 500,000 speakers of American Indian Languages. A few of the immigrant languages include Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Yagua and Yuhup. Out of the 101 languages in Colombia, 81 are still spoken today. Some of those extinct languages include Anserma, Arma and Barbacoas. Along with those three, in total there are 21 languages that are extinct. Achagua is one of the most important languages in Colombia. It is spoken by people who are in the eastern region of Colombia. It is part of the Maipurean Arawakan language group.
History
In around 10,000 BC, Colombia had indigenous people settled there. In the early 1500’s the Spanish settled along the north coast of Columbia. In 1886 the republic of Colombia was declared, as it was previously called the United States of Columbia. In Colombia, before there was the Spanish control there were many indigenous people and this is why there are still some languages from the indigenous people. The first group to come to Colombia was the Spanish colonists and then after came the immigration of some Europeans in 1499. Around the start of the 20th century there were a number of Europeans and people from North America that migrated to Colombia. All of these historic events have come to influence Colombia and the languages that are still around there.
In around 10,000 BC, Colombia had indigenous people settled there. In the early 1500’s the Spanish settled along the north coast of Columbia. In 1886 the republic of Colombia was declared, as it was previously called the United States of Columbia. In Colombia, before there was the Spanish control there were many indigenous people and this is why there are still some languages from the indigenous people. The first group to come to Colombia was the Spanish colonists and then after came the immigration of some Europeans in 1499. Around the start of the 20th century there were a number of Europeans and people from North America that migrated to Colombia. All of these historic events have come to influence Colombia and the languages that are still around there.
Interesting Facts
The population of Colombia is almost 45 million people. The literacy rate is 70% for the country of Columbia. In Colombia there is no college. After the students get done with their equivalent of high school, they either go to a technical school or a school to train them in the career that they want. Colombia is at the crossroads for Central America and North America. The Spanish that they speak in the Republic of Colombia is in some peoples opinion a good Spanish for learners because they have a very neutral accent. There is English taught in the public education throughout the Republic of Colombia. Although, it is taught to the people in Colombia, there are very few people who can speak English.
The population of Colombia is almost 45 million people. The literacy rate is 70% for the country of Columbia. In Colombia there is no college. After the students get done with their equivalent of high school, they either go to a technical school or a school to train them in the career that they want. Colombia is at the crossroads for Central America and North America. The Spanish that they speak in the Republic of Colombia is in some peoples opinion a good Spanish for learners because they have a very neutral accent. There is English taught in the public education throughout the Republic of Colombia. Although, it is taught to the people in Colombia, there are very few people who can speak English.
Panama
Panama
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language of Panama. Although it is Spanish, 14% of the population can speak English fluently. Other languages include Japanese, Hebrew, Arabic and Eastern Yiddish and Korean are spoken by a small group of people in Panama. Also, there are 14 traditional Panama languages. Some include San Miguel Creole French, Panamanian Creole English and Teribe. In Panama 93% of the people speaks Spanish. Along with that, there are many people who speak English. Also here the speakers of French make up 4% and Arabic make up 1%.
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language of Panama. Although it is Spanish, 14% of the population can speak English fluently. Other languages include Japanese, Hebrew, Arabic and Eastern Yiddish and Korean are spoken by a small group of people in Panama. Also, there are 14 traditional Panama languages. Some include San Miguel Creole French, Panamanian Creole English and Teribe. In Panama 93% of the people speaks Spanish. Along with that, there are many people who speak English. Also here the speakers of French make up 4% and Arabic make up 1%.
History
A sailor from Venezuela was the first European to get to Panama. He was heading there in 1501 in order to try to find gold. The Cuevas and the Cocle tribes were the first known people in Panama until they were wiped out by the Spanish’s arrival in the 16th century. The Spanish had control over Panama for 300 years. Panama started out as a destiny for its geography. The Isthmus of Panama was seen as a connection between the two oceans. The Real Audiencia de Panama was first stabled in 1538. Panama was extremely important to Spain because it was the most east way to ship things from Peru to Europe. In 1821, Panama announced their separation from Spain. At first Panama was a part of Columbia. In 1903, Panama finally had its independence from Columbia. In the 19th century, the first people from Chinese immigrated to Panama to help build the Panama railroad.
Interesting Facts
In many schools throughout Panama are starting to teach English in their education programs. The literacy rate in Panama is 88%. More than half of the population in Panama lives in the Panam City-Colon metro area. There have been some historians who have said that in Panama 50% of the population has some sort of African descent. According to population, Panama is the smallest Spanish speaking Latin American country. Baseball, boxing and basketball are all very popular throughout Panama. The population is right over three million people in Panama.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Official Languages
The official language of Costa Rica is Spanish. It is also the most predominant language. The Spanish spoken in Costa Rica is also a form of the Spanish from Central America. Also spoken in Costa Rica are some Chibchan languages. This includes Boruca and Bribri. There is one extinct language called the Chorotega from the Oto-Manguean language. Due to the Jamaican laborers that are on the east coast of the country there are a few other languages that are found within Costa Rica. This includes English-based creole language and Limonese Creole. Some indigenous languages that are still spoken there include Maleku, Cabecar and Ngabere languages. Some of these today, still have thousands of speakers and some only a few hundred.
Official Languages
The official language of Costa Rica is Spanish. It is also the most predominant language. The Spanish spoken in Costa Rica is also a form of the Spanish from Central America. Also spoken in Costa Rica are some Chibchan languages. This includes Boruca and Bribri. There is one extinct language called the Chorotega from the Oto-Manguean language. Due to the Jamaican laborers that are on the east coast of the country there are a few other languages that are found within Costa Rica. This includes English-based creole language and Limonese Creole. Some indigenous languages that are still spoken there include Maleku, Cabecar and Ngabere languages. Some of these today, still have thousands of speakers and some only a few hundred.
History
Compared to other nations in the Americas, Costa Rica has had a smaller influence from the indigenous people. There are only a couple indigenous languages spoken in Costa Rica due to intermarriage and their absorption of the Spanish language. Costa Rica never fought for their own independence from Spain. It wasn’t until Guatemala claimed all of Central America to be independent from Spain that Costa Rica became independent. The Spanish conquerers arrived in the 16th century. This, along with many other Central American countries is why Spanish is so relevant in Costa Rica.
Compared to other nations in the Americas, Costa Rica has had a smaller influence from the indigenous people. There are only a couple indigenous languages spoken in Costa Rica due to intermarriage and their absorption of the Spanish language. Costa Rica never fought for their own independence from Spain. It wasn’t until Guatemala claimed all of Central America to be independent from Spain that Costa Rica became independent. The Spanish conquerers arrived in the 16th century. This, along with many other Central American countries is why Spanish is so relevant in Costa Rica.
Interesting Facts
Costa Ricans are sometimes called ticos because they add tico to other words. For example, blanquito would be say blanquitico. This is where they get they nick name tico. They also use a lot of terms of endearments. Although, this should not be confused with being a mean name to call someone. For example, they sometimes call someone gordo but do not actually mean that in a negative way. The people from Costa Rica are said to speak slower than those from other Latin American countries. They are also very respectful when it comes to people trying to learn Spanish. Coffee is their major export. The literacy rate is 93%. The population is right over 4 million people in Costa Rica.
Costa Ricans are sometimes called ticos because they add tico to other words. For example, blanquito would be say blanquitico. This is where they get they nick name tico. They also use a lot of terms of endearments. Although, this should not be confused with being a mean name to call someone. For example, they sometimes call someone gordo but do not actually mean that in a negative way. The people from Costa Rica are said to speak slower than those from other Latin American countries. They are also very respectful when it comes to people trying to learn Spanish. Coffee is their major export. The literacy rate is 93%. The population is right over 4 million people in Costa Rica.
martes, 1 de mayo de 2012
Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Official Languages
In Nicaragua, 90% of the population speaks Nicañol as Nicaraguan Spanish is often called. The voseo form is also common like in Honduras. In Nicaraguan phonology some of the characteristics include s at the end of a syllable. It is also found before a consonant and when it is found before a consonant it is pronounced like an h. Like there is in some places in the Caribbean, there is not confusion between l and r. Many indigenous languages are still present including Miskito, Sumo and Rama. The most common indigenous language is Miskito. This is spoken in the northeast of Nicaragua, along the Caribbean coast. Sumo has great variations in dialects and sometimes the dialects can even be considered different languages. Rama has died out greatly and most have become English speakers since the 1980’s. Only an estimated 36 fluent speakers were found in 1992. The Spanish spoken in Nicaragua is different than Spain Spanish when it comes to some words used and pronunciation. Although it is different, if you are a Spanish speaker you will be able to talk to the people in Nicaragua. There are many groups in Nicaragua who have upheld their ancestral language and also speak Spanish and or English. These include Chinese, Arabic, German and Italian.
History
In the early 1500’s, when the Spanish came to western Nicaragua, they found three different tribes. Each of these tribes had their own culture and language. The Creole’s are the descendants of colonial era slaves, Jamaican merchants and west Indian laborers. In the 1850’s, during the Gold Rush in California, many people from the United States came through Nicaragua to get to California. They found that this was safer than crossing the continental United States. Then Nicaragua became a rival with the United States and Britain. Both of these countries wanted to establish control over a route through the ocean. They considered by land or through the pacific. Two cities in Nicaragua were founded in 1524 by the Spanish. In 1625, the English had arrived and decided to declare it a British Protectorate. In 1838, Nicaragua finally gained full independence. The United States sent troops to back up the new conservative government from 1912 to 1925.
In the early 1500’s, when the Spanish came to western Nicaragua, they found three different tribes. Each of these tribes had their own culture and language. The Creole’s are the descendants of colonial era slaves, Jamaican merchants and west Indian laborers. In the 1850’s, during the Gold Rush in California, many people from the United States came through Nicaragua to get to California. They found that this was safer than crossing the continental United States. Then Nicaragua became a rival with the United States and Britain. Both of these countries wanted to establish control over a route through the ocean. They considered by land or through the pacific. Two cities in Nicaragua were founded in 1524 by the Spanish. In 1625, the English had arrived and decided to declare it a British Protectorate. In 1838, Nicaragua finally gained full independence. The United States sent troops to back up the new conservative government from 1912 to 1925.
Interesting Facts
Nicaraguan Sign Language is very interesting to linguists as it is the youngest language of the World. The extinct languages include Matagalpa, Monimbo, Subtiaba, Mangue and Nicarao. There are 4 million Spanish speakers, 154,000 Miskito speakers and 20,000 English speakers. Along with that, there are 30,000 that speak Creole English. The literacy rate of Nicaragua is around 66%-74%. The population of Nicaragua is right around 5.5 million people. English is popular throughout Nicaragua because it is taught in schools and also because many people living in Nicaragua have families in the United States. According to the laws of Nicaragua, schools are taught in Spanish. This is even true if it isn’t the language spoke in the region. Grammar in Nicaragua follows that of Central America. There are many differences than formal Spanish. American and British English has had an influence on the Spanish spoken in Nicaragua. Some of the Miskito speakers have dodged being sucked into the Spanish culture and language.
Nicaraguan Sign Language is very interesting to linguists as it is the youngest language of the World. The extinct languages include Matagalpa, Monimbo, Subtiaba, Mangue and Nicarao. There are 4 million Spanish speakers, 154,000 Miskito speakers and 20,000 English speakers. Along with that, there are 30,000 that speak Creole English. The literacy rate of Nicaragua is around 66%-74%. The population of Nicaragua is right around 5.5 million people. English is popular throughout Nicaragua because it is taught in schools and also because many people living in Nicaragua have families in the United States. According to the laws of Nicaragua, schools are taught in Spanish. This is even true if it isn’t the language spoke in the region. Grammar in Nicaragua follows that of Central America. There are many differences than formal Spanish. American and British English has had an influence on the Spanish spoken in Nicaragua. Some of the Miskito speakers have dodged being sucked into the Spanish culture and language.
Honduras
Honduras
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language spoken in Honduras. Along with Spanish, also spoken on a regular basis are Garifuna, Arabic, English and Miskito. Out of those, English is the most widely used as a second language. The people who speak English in Honduras are of Afro-Caribbean ascent. These people are mostly found on the islands near the north coast of Honduras. These are also called the Bay Islands. Garifuna is spoken along the Caribbean coast. This is a Creole that has elements of English, Spanish and French. The Honduras’ Spanish is a little different as you will find some words that are not spoken by other Spanish speaking countries. Only a few thousand people are found speaking indigenous languages on a regular basis and they are found speaking Miskito.
History
When the Spanish arrived, the strongest and most used language was Mayan, although, there was great linguistic diversity from the indigenous tribes that were there at the time of the Spanish arrival. By 1824, Spanish fighters were busy fighting with the indigenous people of Honduras. The reason that there are less indigenous people found in Honduras is because during these wars with the Spanish, many died due to disease and becoming slaves.After the deterioration of the Mayan culture, different groups inhabited different areas of the territory of Honduras. Their languages show a connection to the Toltecs and Aztecs of Mexico, Chibchas of Columbia and also some tribes in the Southwestern part of the United States. The Lencas also lived in the western-central part of Honduras and spoke a language of unknown origin.
When the Spanish arrived, the strongest and most used language was Mayan, although, there was great linguistic diversity from the indigenous tribes that were there at the time of the Spanish arrival. By 1824, Spanish fighters were busy fighting with the indigenous people of Honduras. The reason that there are less indigenous people found in Honduras is because during these wars with the Spanish, many died due to disease and becoming slaves.After the deterioration of the Mayan culture, different groups inhabited different areas of the territory of Honduras. Their languages show a connection to the Toltecs and Aztecs of Mexico, Chibchas of Columbia and also some tribes in the Southwestern part of the United States. The Lencas also lived in the western-central part of Honduras and spoke a language of unknown origin.
Interesting Facts
Accredited bilingual schools from primary school through high school
provide a quality education. Graduates
are often accepted in U.S. Ivy League schools.
At most birthday parties throughout Honduras you will find people
singing the happy birthday song in English.
The literacy rate is 56%-60%. The
population of Honduras is a little over 8 million people. One war that they were in with El Salvador
was named the Football War because it started during a football game. Part of the reason that English is more
widely used in Honduras is because the United States helped in the late 19th
century with banana plantations to help develop the northern regions. Honduras literally means depths in Spanish.
El Salvador
El Salvador
Official Languages
Spanish is the official language in El Salvador. It is also referred to as Castillian. There are 6 individual languages in El Salvador. One of which has no speakers at this time. Nahua is an indigenous language that is still spoken by Amerindians in the Western region. Also, Nahua is only used by members of the elderly community of Salvadorans. The local native indigenous language that is derived from Spanish is called Caliche. There is a small population of Japenese people in El Salvador since after World War II. This leads to Japenese being spoken around El Salvador a little as well. Some of the local languages are Cacaopera, Qeqchi, Lenca and Pipil. Immigrant languages include Central Pokoman, Turkish and Chinese. Q’eqchi is spoken by immigrants of Guatemalan and Belizean indigenous people living in El Salvador.
History
In 1520, many of the indigenous people were affected by the smallpox that spread throughout El Salvador. This led their population to lose about 80% of the people. In June 1524, the Spanish captain started a war and later conquered El Salvador which put the country under Spanish rule. This led to them speaking Spanish at this time. Before this, many Indian dialects were spoken and this is how Nahua was introduced into El Salvador. At this time, Nahuatl was spoken in the center of the country and Poton was found being spoken in the east. This was on going until the Spanish took over. After the Spanish started to rule, the dialects slowly diminished.
In 1520, many of the indigenous people were affected by the smallpox that spread throughout El Salvador. This led their population to lose about 80% of the people. In June 1524, the Spanish captain started a war and later conquered El Salvador which put the country under Spanish rule. This led to them speaking Spanish at this time. Before this, many Indian dialects were spoken and this is how Nahua was introduced into El Salvador. At this time, Nahuatl was spoken in the center of the country and Poton was found being spoken in the east. This was on going until the Spanish took over. After the Spanish started to rule, the dialects slowly diminished.
Interesting Facts
The literacy rate of El Salvador ranges from 55%-63%. The languages that are spoken as native languages are part of the custom in El Salvador and are expected to be reserved and respected. There is also a form of Salvadoran Sign Language. The population of El Salvador is about 7 million people. The government tried to help Nahua to stay around and be preserved but it turned out to be not successful. In private schools, French, Dutch and German are taught as a second language. In El Salvador, many use voseo which refers to vos instead of using tu when using the second person pronoun. In September 15th, 1821, they finally gained their independence from the Spanish rule and joined Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras. After gaining their independence, they maintained speaking the Spanish language.
The literacy rate of El Salvador ranges from 55%-63%. The languages that are spoken as native languages are part of the custom in El Salvador and are expected to be reserved and respected. There is also a form of Salvadoran Sign Language. The population of El Salvador is about 7 million people. The government tried to help Nahua to stay around and be preserved but it turned out to be not successful. In private schools, French, Dutch and German are taught as a second language. In El Salvador, many use voseo which refers to vos instead of using tu when using the second person pronoun. In September 15th, 1821, they finally gained their independence from the Spanish rule and joined Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras. After gaining their independence, they maintained speaking the Spanish language.
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